Who IVF may help
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Low sperm count or poor sperm movement (often with ICSI)
- Endometriosis
- Low egg reserve, or a woman's age above 35–37
- Unexplained infertility, when simpler treatment hasn't worked
- Several unsuccessful IUI cycles
IVF is not always the first step. Many couples conceive with simpler treatment such as ovulation induction or IUI. Your doctor will explain which option suits you, and why.
IVF step by step
- Tests and planningBoth partners are tested. Your doctor makes a plan and explains the costs.
- Injections to grow eggsFor about 10–12 days, daily hormone injections help several eggs grow. You come in for scans to check progress.
- Egg collectionA short procedure under light anaesthesia. Most women go home the same day.
- Fertilisation in the labThe eggs are joined with sperm. Embryos grow in the lab for 3–5 days.
- Embryo transferA healthy embryo is placed in the uterus with a thin tube. Most women feel little or no discomfort, and it takes a few minutes.
- Pregnancy testA blood test about two weeks later shows whether you are pregnant.
What to expect
- Time: one IVF cycle takes about 4–6 weeks from the start of injections to the pregnancy test.
- Visits: several short visits for scans, then the egg collection and embryo transfer days.
- Extra embryos: good-quality embryos can be frozen and used later in a frozen embryo transfer.
- Chances of success depend mainly on the woman's age, egg reserve and the cause of infertility. Your doctor will talk about your own chances honestly.
Possible risks
IVF is safe for most women, but like any treatment it has some risks. Your doctor will explain them and how they are reduced:
- Ovarian hyperstimulation (OHSS): the ovaries over-react to the injections, causing swelling and discomfort. Careful monitoring keeps the risk low.
- Twins or more: more likely if more than one embryo is transferred.
- Discomfort from injections or after egg collection, usually mild and short-lived.
Common questions about IVF
Is IVF painful?
Most women find it manageable. The injections use a fine needle, egg collection is done under light anaesthesia, and embryo transfer feels like a routine internal check.
Do I need to stay in the hospital?
No. Egg collection and embryo transfer are day procedures. You go home the same day.
Can I work during IVF?
Most women carry on with daily life. You may want to rest on the day of egg collection.
How much does IVF cost?
See our costs page for starting prices and what is included. Your exact cost depends on the medicines and steps you need.